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Function of 35kV busbar surge arrester

Function of 35kV busbar surge arrester

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A 35kV busbar surge arrester protects medium-voltage equipment by diverting transient overvoltages safely to ground, preventing insulation damage and equipment failure.

Primary Function

A 35kV busbar surge arrester is designed to protect electrical equipment connected to a 35kV busbar, such as transformers, switchgear, and cables, from overvoltage events caused by lightning strikes, switching transients, or other sudden voltage surges . When a surge occurs, the arrester provides a low-impedance path to ground, diverting the excess energy away from sensitive equipment and maintaining system reliability .

Working Principle

Modern 35kV surge arresters typically use gapless metal oxide varistor (MOV) technology . Under normal operating voltage, the arrester has very high impedance, allowing current to pass through the busbar without interference. When the voltage exceeds a certain threshold (the breakdown voltage), the MOV becomes highly conductive, redirecting the surge current to ground. After the surge passes, the arrester returns to its high-impedance state, ready for the next event .

Key Features

  • Fast response time: Typically less than 25 nanoseconds, ensuring protection against high-energy transients .
  • High current capacity: Able to handle short-circuit or lightning-induced currents without damage .
  • Durable construction: Often housed in weather-resistant, submersible, or composite silicone rubber casings for outdoor or harsh environments .
  • Grounding: Equipped with a dedicated ground lead to efficiently direct surge current to earth, minimizing risk to connected equipment .

Benefits

  • Prevents insulation breakdown: Protects busbars, transformers, and switchgear from voltage spikes.
  • Reduces downtime: Minimizes equipment trips and outages caused by transient overvoltages.
  • Enhances system reliability: Improves overall stability of the medium-voltage network, especially in substations or industrial plants .
  • Simplifies maintenance: Modern designs are easy to install and require minimal intervention, often compatible with standard 35kV apparatus bushings . In summary, a 35kV busbar surge arrester acts as a first line of defense against transient overvoltages, ensuring the safety, longevity, and reliable operation of medium-voltage electrical systems.
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