1. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): PVC is widely used for indoor fiber optic cables due to its flexibility, durability, and resistance to abrasion. It provides moderate flame resistance but releases corrosive gases like hydrogen chloride when burned, making it less suitable for enclosed or public spaces where fire safety is critical . 2. Polyethylene (PE): PE, including High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), is commonly used for outdoor cables. HDPE offers toughness, UV resistance, and long-term durability in harsh weather conditions, while LDPE provides greater flexibility but is less suitable for prolonged outdoor exposure . PE is odorless, non-toxic, and resistant to most acids and alkalis, making it ideal for feeder and distribution cables exposed to sunlight and moisture . 3. Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH): LSZH sheaths are designed for fire safety, emitting minimal smoke and no halogen gases when exposed to flame. They often contain mineral fillers like aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, which absorb heat and form a non-combustible barrier. LSZH is preferred for indoor installations where fire safety and air quality are critical .
The choice of sheath material depends on:
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